Consisting of a negatively charged chloride surrounded by a tetrahedral formation of oxygen atoms, perchlorates represent the highest oxidation state of chlorine (+7) and are powerful oxidants when heated, but are stable at room temperature and lower temperatures. This has prompted recent research into the use of perchlorates as a potential energy source for bacteria on Mars 6, 7. Conversely, the presence of such salts lowers the freezing point of water 4, 5 thereby potentially allowing for a contemporary active hydrological system on Mars, which could enhance the habitability of the near-surface environment. ![]() The implications are significant as their detection suggests the presence of other oxychlorine species, which may negatively impact the habitability of Mars and interfere with the preservation and detection of organic material 3. Perchlorates have been detected on Mars both in-situ 1 and inferred in brine seeps 2, which raises questions on their effects on the habitability of that planet.
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